Human factors in lighting /
Peter R. Boyce.
- Third edition.
- xxi, 681 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm
Includes bibliographical references (pages 611-666) and index.
Fundamentals Light Introduction Light and Radiation CIE Standard Observers Photometric Quantities Some Limitations Colorimetric Quantities Sources of Light Control of Light Distribution Control of Light Output Summary Visual System Introduction Structure of the Visual System Continuous Adjustments of the Visual System Capabilities of the Visual System Perception through the Visual System Summary Non-Image-Forming System Introduction Some Physiology Circadian Timing System Characteristics of the Circadian Timing System Awakening System Pupil Size Problems and Potential Summary Generalities Lighting and Work Introduction Overview Light, Work, and the Visual System Light, Work, and the Non-Image-Forming System Light, Work, Mood, and Motivation Summary Lighting and Visual Discomfort Introduction Characteristics of Visual Discomfort General Causes of Visual Discomfort Specific Causes of Visual Discomfort Discomfort, Performance, and Behaviour Visual Discomfort and Lighting Quality Summary Lighting and the Perception of Spaces and Objects Introduction Simple Perceptions Higher-Order Perceptions Perception of Objects Summary Specifics Lighting for Offices Introduction Illuminance Light Sources for Office Lighting Lighting Systems Lighting Controls Summary Lighting for Industry Introduction Problems Facing Lighting in Industry General Lighting Localized and Task Lighting Visual Inspection Special Situations Summary Escape Lighting Introduction Escape Lighting in Context Operating Conditions Exit Signs Escape Route Lighting Special Situations Escape Lighting in Practice Summary Lighting for Driving Introduction Vehicle Forward Lighting Vehicle Signal Lighting Road Lighting Markings, Signs, and Traffic Signals Summary Lighting for Pedestrians Introduction What Pedestrians Want from Lighting Lighting Criteria Lighting for Safe Movement Lighting for Security Lighting, Comfort, and Attraction Completing the Picture Summary Lighting and Crime Introduction Some History Lighting as a Crime Prevention Measure The Reason Why Essential Characteristics of Lighting Special Situations Generalization and Value Summary Lighting for the Elderly Introduction Optical Changes with Age Neural Changes with Age Vision Loss Effects of Age on Visual Capabilities Effects of Age on Real Visual Tasks Effects of Age on the Circadian Timing System What Can Be Done to Offset the Effects of Age? Summary Light and Health Introduction Light as Radiation Light Operating through the Visual System Light Operating through the Circadian Timing System Unresolved Issues Summary Light Pollution Introduction Forms of Light Pollution Causes of Light Pollution Consequences of Light Pollution Reactions to Light Pollution Limiting Light Pollution The Future Summary Lighting and Electricity Consumption Introduction Legal Status Trends in Lighting Regulation Trends in Lighting Recommendations Design Load Shedding Summary The Way Ahead Introduction Background Problems with New Technology Problems with New Knowledge Problems with Increased Pressure Research Approaches New Tools Evaluating Research Summary References Index
"The availability of electric lighting has changed the lives of people the world over and lighting is a major consumer of energy, yet little has been written about the forms of lighting that can alter human visual capabilities and enhance productivity, ensure comfort and create appropriate lighting conditions. It is important to understand the forms of lighting available, and their appropriateness to specific activities, in order to apply the technology most effectively. This book is a comprehensive review of the interaction of people and lighting and supercedes the author?s classic Human Factors in Lighting. The technology has changed markedly in recent years with the introduction of new light sources and new methods of light distribution. The significance of specialist lighting applications, such as photobiology, are now becoming better understood. The nature of work itself has changed, and hence so have lighting requirements. Equally, the development of the technology has created new opportunities for improving peoples? work and leisure environments"-- Provided by publisher.