Destruction of hazardous chemicals in the laboratory / George Lunn, Eric B. Sansone.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Table of Contents
Preface xi

Acknowledgments xiii

Introduction 1

Safety considerations 9

Nitrosamine Formation 12

Sodium Hypochlorite 15

Nickel–Aluminum Alloy 18

Potassium Permanganate 19

Specific Methods for the Destruction of Hazardous Chemicals in the Laboratory 25

Acetonitrile 27

Acid Halides and Anhydrides 31

Aflatoxins 35

Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals 43

Alkali Metal Alkoxides 47

Anatoxin-A 49

Aromatic Amines 53

Arsenic 61

Azides 65

Azo and Azoxy Compounds and Tetrazenes 73

Boron Trifluoride and Inorganic Fluorides 79

Botulinum Toxins 83

Brevetoxins 87

Butyllithium 91

Calcium Carbide 95

Carbamic Acid Esters 97

Carbofuran 101

Chloromethylsilanes and Silicon Tetrachloride 103

N-Chlorosuccinimide and Chloramine-T 105

Chlorosulfonic Acid 107

Chromium(VI) 109

Citrinin 115

Complex Metal Hydrides 123

Cyanides and Cyanogen Bromide 129

Cylindrospermopsin 137

Diisopropyl Fluorophosphate 141

Dimethyl Sulfate and Related Compounds 149

Dyes and Biological Stains 161

Ethidium Bromide 195

Haloethers 203

Halogenated Compounds 207

Halogens 223

Heavy Metals 227

Hexamethylphosphoramide 233

Hydrazines 235

Hypochlorites 247

Mercury 251

2-Methylaziridine 257

1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) 261

Microcystins 265

4-Nitrobiphenyl 275

3-Nitrofluoranthene and 3-Aminofluoranthene 277

Nitrogen Tetroxide 281

N-Nitroso Compounds: Nitrosamides 283

N-Nitroso Compounds: Nitrosamines 295

Ochratoxin A 307

Okadaic Acid 315

Organic nitriles 319

Osmium tetroxide 321

Palytoxin 323

Patulin 327

Peracids 333

Perchlorates 335

Peroxides and Hydroperoxides 339

Phenol 343

Phosgene 347

Phosphorus and Phosphorus Pentoxide 351

Picric Acid 355

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons 357

Polycyclic Heterocyclic Hydrocarbons 367

Potassium Permanganate 381

β-Propiolactone 383

Protease Inhibitors 385

Ricin 389

Saxitoxin 393

Selenium Compounds 397

Sodium Amide 399

Sterigmatocystin 401

Sulfonyl Fluoride Enzyme Inhibitors 407

Sulfur-Containing Compounds 413

T-2 Toxin and Other Tricothecenes 419

Tetrodotoxin 425

Triacetone Triperoxide 429

Uranyl Compounds 433

Destruction of Pharmaceuticals 437

General Considerations 439

Potassium Permanganate 451

Nickel–Aluminum Alloy Reduction 467

Fenton Reaction 473

Hydrogen Peroxide 479

Ozone 481

Ferrate 497

Persulfate 505

Hydrogen Peroxide and Horseradish Peroxidase 513

Specific Degradation Procedures for ß-Lactams 515

Decontamination of Aqueous Solutions 517

Miscellaneous Chemical Degradation Procedures 523

General Considerations for Photolytic Procedures 535

Photolysis Without Added Reactants (UV Only) 537

Photolysis with Hydrogen Peroxide (UV/H2O2) 555

Photo-Fenton Reaction 573

Photolysis with Titanium Dioxide (UV/TiO2) 589

Photolysis with Zinc Oxide (UV/ZnO) 605

Photolysis with Ozone (UV/O3) 609

Photolysis with Persulfate (UV/Persulfate) 615

Photolysis with Chlorine (UV/Cl2) 631

Miscellaneous Photolytic Procedures (UV/Miscellaneous) 643

Procedures Classified by Method 649

General Considerations 651

Potassium Permanganate 655

Fenton Reaction 659

Ozone 667

Persulfate 677

Miscellaneous Procedures 683

Photolysis Without Added Reactants (UV only) 691

Photolysis with Hydrogen Peroxide (UV/H2O2) 697

Photo-Fenton Reaction 707

Photolysis with Titanium Dioxide (UV/TiO2) 715

Photolysis with Zinc Oxide (UV/ZnO) 727

Photolysis with Ozone (UV/O3) 735

Photolysis with Persulfate (UV/Persulfate) 741

Photolysis with Chlorine (UV/Cl2) 747

Biologicals 751

Appendixes 777

Appendix I: Procedures for Drying Organic Solvents 779

Appendix II: Safety Considerations With Potassium Permanganate 783

Cross-Index of Names for Dyes and Biological Stains 791

Cross-Index of Methods Used for Specific Dyes and Biological Stains 813

Cross-Index of Methods Used for Pharmaceuticals 817

Name Index 837

Available to OhioLINK libraries.

"The book describes practical procedures for the destruction of hazardous chemicals in the laboratory in which they are used. Exotic reagents and equipment are not required. There has been an enormous expansion in work aimed at the large-scale destruction of hazardous chemicals before or after they enter the environment. This new edition great expands the sections on Methods for the Destruction of Pharmaceuticals in the Laboratory and Procedures Classified by Method. Building on the revised and extended content of the previous editions, many procedures are described in detail and analytical methods that can be used to test for completeness of destruction are provided. In many cases the final reaction mixtures were tested for mutagenic activity. Recent work cited in the literature has been mined for procedures that can be used in the laboratory. Almost all of the procedures come from articles in peer-reviewed journals. Unlike most other sources this book describes the critical aspects of the various protocols (e.g., UV lamp type, rate of ozone flow). Numerous tables throughout the book allow for ready comparison of procedures. The book is used by researchers in the laboratory to help in getting rid of residual amounts of hazardous chemicals when the series of experiments has ended. These procedures can also be incorporated in laboratory protocols. The book is also useful to laboratory safety officers who may be called upon to give advice to researchers"-- Provided by publisher.

About the Author
George Lunn, Ph.D., has been working as a review chemist for the FDA’s Office of Pharmaceutical Quality since 1996. Previously he was a senior research scientist in the Environmental Control and Research Program at the NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center.

Eric B. Sansone, Ph.D., was the director of the Environmental Control and Research Program at the NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center until his retirement.