Cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology applications / edited by Gulshan Shrivastava, Dac-Nhuong Le and Kavita Sharma.

DESCRIPTION :
As we enter the Industrial Revolution 4.0, demands for an increasing degree of trust and privacy protection continue to be voiced. The development of blockchain technology is very important because it can help frictionless and transparent financial transactions and improve the business experience, which in turn has far-reaching effects for economic, psychological, educational and organizational improvements in the way we work, teach, learn and care for ourselves and each other.

Blockchain is an eccentric technology, but at the same time, the least understood and most disruptive technology of the day. This book covers the latest technologies of cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology and their applications. This book discusses the blockchain and cryptocurrencies related issues and also explains how to provide the security differently through an algorithm, framework, approaches, techniques and mechanisms. A comprehensive understanding of what blockchain is and how it works, as well as insights into how it will affect the future of your organization and industry as a whole and how to integrate blockchain technology into your business strategy. In addition, the book explores the blockchain and its with other technologies like Internet of Things, big data and artificial intelligence, etc.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR :
Gulshan Shrivastava earned his Master of Technology in Information Security from GGSIPU Delhi, India and an MBA degree in IT & Finance from Punjab Technical University, India and is currently pursuing his PhD in Computer Science & Engineering from the National Institute of Technology Patna, India. He earned certification of SCJP from Sun Microsystem and has edited/authored 6 books and at least 30 research articles in international journals. His research interests include information security, data analytics, cyber security & forensics, mobile computing, intrusion detection and computer networks.

Dac-Nhuong Le has a MSc and PhD in computer science from Vietnam National University, Vietnam in 2009 and 2015, respectively. He is Associate Professor in Computer Science, Deputy-Head of Faculty of Information Technology, Haiphong University, Vietnam. He has a total academic teaching experience of 12+ years with many publications in reputed international conferences, journals and online book chapters. His area of research areas include evaluation computing and approximate algorithms, network communication, security and vulnerability, network performance analysis and simulation, cloud computing, IoT and image processing in biomedical. Currently, he is serving on editorial boards of international journals and he has authored more than 15 computer science books, with at least 5 with the Wiley-Scrivener imprint.

Kavita Sharma is a Senior Research Fellow in the Department of Computer Engineering at National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, India. She received the Master of Technology (M. Tech.) in Information Security from Ambedkar Institute Technology of Advanced Communication Technology and Research, Delhi, India. She is the editor of 3 books and authored more than 48 research papers and book chapters. Her research area is mobile device/smartphone security and data analytics.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

List of Figures xv

List of Tables xix

Foreword xxi

Preface xxiii

Acknowledgments xxix

Acronyms xxxi

Part I Cryptocurrencies and Blockchain Technology

1 Blockchain: A New Era of Technology 3
Gururaj H L, Manoj Athreya A, Ashwin A Kumar, Abhishek M Holla, Nagarajath S M, Ravi Kumar V

1.1 Introduction to Web 3.0 6

1.1.1 Web 1.0 6

1.1.2 Web 2.0 6

1.1.3 Web 3.0 7

1.2 Blockchain 7

1.2.1 Hash Cryptography 8

1.2.2 Immutability 9

1.2.3 Distributed P2P Network 10

1.2.4 Mining 11

1.2.5 Consensus Protocol 11

1.3 Bitcoin 12

1.4 Ethereum 12

1.4.1 Ethereum Network 13

1.4.2 Interfacing with Ethereum 13

1.4.3 Ethereum Account 14

1.4.4 Ethereum Network Transactions 15

1.5 InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) 15

1.6 Decentralized Applications (DApps) 16

1.7 Case Study: FIR 17

1.7.1 Project Description 18

1.7.2 Tools Used 18

1.7.3 Project Workings 20

1.8 Conclusion 22

References 23

2 Blockchain: A Path to the Future 25
Avinash Kaur, Anand Nayyar, Parminder Singh

2.1 Introduction 26

2.2 Blockchain Architecture 27

2.2.1 Block 27

2.2.2 Digital Signature 28

2.2.3 Main Attributes of Blockchain 29

2.3 Types of Blockchain Systems 29

2.4 Consensus Algorithms 30

2.4.1 Proof of Work (PoW) 30

2.4.2 Pure Stake-Based Consensus 34

2.4.3 Leased Proof of Stake (LPoS) 34

2.4.4 Delegated Proof of Stake (DPOS) 34

2.4.5 Hybrid Form of PoS and PoW 35

2.4.6 Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) 35

2.4.7 Ripple 35

2.4.8 Tendermint 35

2.4.9 Proof of Elapsed Time 36

2.4.10 Proof of Activity (PoA) 36

2.4.11 Proof of Burn (PoB) 36

2.5 Blockchain Applications That are Transforming Society 37

2.6 Future Scope 38

References 39

3 Blockchain in 5G 43
C. Mageshkumar, J. Rajeshkumar, L. Godlin Atlas, P. Hamsagayathri

3.1 Introduction 44

3.1.1 What is Blockchain Technology? 45

3.1.2 Blockchain in Real-Time World 45

3.1.3 Working Process of Blockchain 47

3.2 Data Economy of Blockchain and 5G 47

3.3 Combination of Blockchain Technology and 5G Mobile Connection 50

3.4 How to Use 5G and Blockchain Together 50

3.5 Applications of Blockchain and 5G 52

3.5.1 Smart Contracts 52

3.5.2 Data Management 52

3.5.3 Supply Chain Auditing 52

3.5.4 Entertainment and Multimedia 52

3.5.5 Smart Home 53

3.5.6 Logistics and Shipping 53

3.5.7 Drone Operation 53

3.6 Conclusion 53

References 53

4 Blockchain in Social Networking 55
T. Poongodi, R. Sujatha, D. Sumathi, P. Suresh, B. Balamurugan

4.1 Overview of Blockchain and Social Networking Platform 56

4.1.1 Basic Structure of Blockchain 57

4.1.2 Review of Social Networking Platform 58

4.1.3 Relationship between Social Media and Blockchain 60

4.2 Decentralized Online Social Network 60

4.2.1 Distributed Online Social Network Architecture 60

4.2.2 Social Data Representation 61

4.2.3 Security Issues 63

4.3 Trusted Social Network with Blockchain Technology 63

4.3.1 Rumor Spreading Model 65

4.3.2 Blockchain Protocols for Rumor Spreading 66

4.3.3 Comparison of SIR and Blockchain-Based SIR 67

4.4 Privacy-Preserving Services for Social Network 69

4.4.1 Blockchain-Based Social Media 70

4.4.2 Impact of Blockchain in Social Media 71

4.5 Issues and Challenges of Blockchain in Social Network 72

4.6 Conclusion 73

References 73

5 Integrating Blockchain with CACC for Trust and Platoon Management 77
Pranav Kumar Singh, Roshan Singh, Sunit Kumar Nandi, Sukumar Nandi

5.1 Introduction 78

5.2 Literature Review 80

5.3 Background 81

5.3.1 CACC Platooning 81

5.3.2 Blockchain 82

5.3.3 Smart Contracts 82

5.3.4 Ethereum 82

5.4 Consensus in Blockchain 83

5.4.1 Proof-of-Work (PoW) 83

5.4.2 Proof-of-Authority (PoA) 84

5.5 Proposed Framework 84

5.5.1 Blockchain at the Vehicular Plane for Intra-platoon Communications 84

5.5.2 Blockchain at the RSU Plane for Trust and Reputation Management 89

5.6 Experiments 91

5.6.1 Experiment 1: Blockchain for Intra-platoon Communication and Platoon Management 91

5.6.2 Experiment 2: Blockchain for Trust and Reputation Management 91

5.7 Results and Discussion 92

5.8 Conclusion 94

References 95

6 Impact of Blockchain for Internet of Things Security 99
Bhawana Rudra

6.1 Introduction 100

6.2 Challenges and Issues in IoT 101

6.2.1 Attacks on IoT 101

6.3 Blockchain 106

6.3.1 Features 107

6.3.2 Blockchain Types 110

6.4 IoT Blockchain Approaches 110

6.4.1 Blockchain Platforms for IoT 111

6.4.2 Applications 114

6.5 Research Challenges 119

6.6 Conclusion 121

References 121

7 Chaos Control Dynamics of Cryptovirology in Blockchain 129
Rashmi Bhardwaj and Saureesh Das

7.1 Introduction 130

7.2 Mathematical Modeling and Stability Analysis 132

7.2.1 Fixed-Point Analysis 134

7.2.2 Phase Space Analysis 137

7.2.3 Time Series Analysis 138

7.2.4 Bifurcation Analysis 139

7.3 Lyapunov Exponent and Chaos 142

7.4 Controlling of Chaos 144

7.5 Conclusion 145

References 146

8 Blockchain and Bitcoin Security 149
K. Murugeswari, B. Balamurugan and G. Ganesan

8.1 Introduction 150

8.2 Security Threats to Bitcoin 151

8.3 Working Idea of Bitcoin 151

8.4 Case Study for Analyzing the Reason for Fall in Bitcoin Value 152

8.4.1 Security Threats to Bitcoin Protocol 152

8.4.2 Security Threats to Bitcoin Services 152

8.4.3 Security Threats by Other Factors 152

8.5 Analyzed Report 152

8.6 Rise of Bitcoin Value 154

8.7 Conclusion 154

References 154

Part II Cryptocurrencies and Blockchain Applications

9 Applications with Blockchain Technique 159
L. Godlin Atlas, C. Magesh Kumar, Rajakumari, P. Hamsagayathi

9.1 Introduction 160

9.1.1 Overview 160

9.1.2 Decentralization 161

9.1.3 Immutability 163

9.2 Applications of Blockchain Technology 164

9.2.1 Blockchain Technology in the Food Industry 164

9.2.2 Cybersecurity 165

9.2.3 Voting 167

9.2.4 Land Registry 169

9.2.5 Blockchain Applications in Healthcare 170

9.2.6 Blockchain Applications in Internet of Things (IoT) 173

9.2.7 Vehicle Industries 176

9.2.8 Smart Appliances 176

9.2.9 Supply Chains 177

9.3 Conclusion 177

References 177

10 Impact of Application of Big Data on Cryptocurrency 181
Sandeep Kr. Sharma, Rajiv Kumar Modanval, N. Gayathri, S. Rakesh Kumar and C. Ramesh

10.1 Introduction 182

10.2 Related Studies 183

10.3 Cryptocurrency 183

10.3.1 How Does a Cryptocurrency Transaction Work? 184

10.3.2 The Cryptocurrency Market 185

10.3.3 Future of Cryptocurrency in a Country Like India 185

10.4 Blockchain 186

10.5 Big Data 187

10.5.1 Introduction 187

10.5.2 Importance of Big Data 188

10.6 Coexistence of Big Data and Blockchain 189

10.6.1 Ensuring Data Quality Using Blockchain and Big Data 190

10.6.2 Where Can Cryptocurrency with Big Data Be Used? 191

10.7 Future Aspects of Cryptocurrency with Big Data 192

10.8 Conclusion 193

References 193

11 A Neoteric Smart and Sustainable Farming Environment Incorporating Blockchain 197
M. Afshar Alam, Abdul Ahad, Sherin Zafar, Gautami Tripathi

11.1 Introduction 198

11.2 Artificial Intelligence Technology and Its Impact on Agriculture 200

11.2.1 Future of Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 200

11.2.2 AI vs. Grasshoppers 201

11.3 Blockchain Technology (BCT) and Its Impact on Agriculture 201

11.3.1 Types of Blockchain 202

11.3.2 Generations of Blockchain Technology 202

11.3.3 Blockchain in Agriculture: A Boost to Smart Agriculture 203

11.4 A Neoteric Smart and Sustainable Farming Environment Incorporating Blockchain-Based Artificial Intelligence Approach 206

11.5 Conclusion and Future Work 211

References 211

12 Theories of Cryptocurrency, Blockchain and Distributed Systems and Environmental Implications 215
P. Mary Jeyanthi

12.1 Introduction 216

12.2 Literature Review 218

12.3 Theories of Cryptocurrency, Blockchain and Distributed Systems 219

12.3.1 The Theory of Blockchains 219

12.3.2 Definition of Blockchains 220

12.3.3 Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) vs. Blockchain 220

12.3.4 Evolving Terminology with Evolved Technology: Decentralized vs. Distributed 221

12.3.5 Main Bitcoin Properties: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System 224

12.4 Environmental Implications of the Cryptocurrency Market 232

12.4.1 Key Stats 232

12.4.2 Energy Consumption 234

12.4.3 What’s Next? 235

12.5 Conclusion 236

References 236

13 Blockchain Technology: A Paradigm Shift in Investment Banking 239
R. Vedapradha, Hariharan Ravi, Arockia Rajasekar

13.1 Introduction 240

13.1.1 Evolution of Technology 240

13.1.2 Scope of Applications 240

13.1.3 Merits of Blockchain Technology in Banks 242

13.1.4 Investment Banks 243

13.1.5 Theoretical Framework 243

13.1.6 Investment Banking Operational Levels 244

13.1.7 Conceptual Framework 247

13.1.8 Challenges 248

13.2 Literature Review 249

13.3 Statement of the Problem 250

13.3.1 Objectives 250

13.3.2 Hypothesis 251

13.3.3 Sampling 251

13.3.4 Data Collection and Source 251

13.3.5 Variables and Statistical Tools Used 251

13.3.6 Limitations 251

13.4 Results 251

13.5 Discussion of Findings 256

13.6 Conclusion 257

References 257

14 Trading Energy as a Digital Asset: A Blockchain-Based Energy Market 261
Claudia Pop, Marcel Antal, Tudor Cioara, Ionut Anghel

14.1 Introduction 262

14.2 Blockchain-Based P2P Energy Market 263

14.3 Distributed Ledger for Energy Tracking 265

14.3.1 Energy Provenance and Immutability 266

14.3.2 Energy Transactions Privacy 268

14.4 Self-Enforcing Smart Contracts for Energy Market Management 271

14.4.1 Prosumers Registration and Permission Control 271

14.4.2 Prosumers Energy Trading 273

14.5 Conclusion 277

References 277

15 Application View towards Blockchain: Demystifying the Myths 281
Utkarsh Chitranshi and Sunil Kumar Chawla

15.1 Introduction 282

15.1.1 Problems in the Present System 282

15.1.2 Definitions 283

15.2 What Blockchain Does Not Replace 286

15.3 Mining Mechanism 287

15.4 Various Participants of Blockchain System 287

15.5 Organized Use Cases 288

15.6 Hyperledger 289

15.7 Steps to Creating Your Own App 289

15.8 Advertising Industry 290

15.9 Present Day Implementation 291

15.10 Versatile Use Cases 292

15.11 Myths 293

15.12 Conclusion 294

References 294

"As we enter the Industrial Revolution 4.0, demands for an increasing degree of trust and privacy protection continue to be voiced. The development of blockchain technology is very important because it can help frictionless and transparent financial transactions and improve the business experience, which in turn has far-reaching effects for economic, psychological, educational and organizational improvements in the way we work, teach, learn and care for ourselves and each other. Blockchain is an eccentric technology, but at the same time, the least understood and most disruptive technology of the day. This book covers the latest technologies of cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology and their applications. This book discusses the blockchain and cryptocurrencies related issues and also explains how to provide the security differently through an algorithm, framework, approaches, techniques and mechanisms. A comprehensive understanding of what blockchain is and how it works, as well as insights into how it will affect the future of your organization and industry as a whole and how to integrate blockchain technology into your business strategy. In addition, the book explores the blockchain and its with other technologies like Internet of Things, big data and artificial intelligence, etc."-- Provided by publisher.

Description based on print version record and CIP data provided by publisher; resource not viewed.